Adjacent to the Australian War Cemetery is the Japanese War Cemetery. The CWGC holds responsibility and title for this site. The Commission accepted the maintenance responsibility in 1964 and the Office of Australian War Graves recovers maintenance costs from the Japanese Government. The 523 Japanese graves are those of prisoners of war who died in the attempted break-out from Cowra in 1944, Japanese aircrews shot down in Northern Territory and Japanese civilian internees who died in Australia during WW2.